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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgem | om toŋgo |
| 2SG: | toŋget | ot toŋgo |
| 3SG: | toŋga | ok/ogeʃ toŋgo |
| 1PL: | toŋgena | ona/ogəna toŋgo |
| 2PL: | toŋgeda | oda/ogəda toŋgo |
| 3PL: | toŋgat | ogət toŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgəʃəm | ʃəm toŋgo |
| 2SG: | toŋgəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toŋgo |
| 3SG: | toŋgəʃ | əʃ toŋgo |
| 1PL: | toŋgəʃna | əʃna toŋgo |
| 2PL: | toŋgəʃda | əʃda toŋgo |
| 3PL: | toŋgəʃt | əʃt toŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgenam | toŋgen oməl |
| 2SG: | toŋgenat | toŋgen otəl |
| 3SG: | toŋgen | toŋgen ogəl |
| 1PL: | toŋgenːa | toŋgen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toŋgenda | toŋgen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toŋgenət | toŋgen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgem əʎe | om toŋgo əʎe |
| 2SG: | toŋget əʎe | ot toŋgo əʎe |
| 3SG: | toŋga əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toŋgo əʎe |
| 1PL: | toŋgena əʎe | ona/ogəna toŋgo əʎe |
| 2PL: | toŋgeda əʎe | oda/ogəda toŋgo əʎe |
| 3PL: | toŋgat əʎe | ogət toŋgo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgem ulmaʃ | om toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toŋget ulmaʃ | ot toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toŋga ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toŋgena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toŋgeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toŋgat ulmaʃ | ogət toŋgo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgenam əʎe | toŋgen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toŋgenat əʎe | toŋgen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toŋgen əʎe | toŋgen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toŋgenːa əʎe | toŋgen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toŋgenda əʎe | toŋgen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toŋgen əʎe | toŋgen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgenam ulmaʃ | toŋgen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toŋgenat ulmaʃ | toŋgen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toŋgen ulmaʃ | toŋgen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toŋgenːa ulmaʃ | toŋgen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toŋgenda ulmaʃ | toŋgen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toŋgen ulmaʃ | toŋgen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgo | it toŋgo |
| 3SG: | toŋgəʒo | ənʒe toŋgo |
| 1PL: | (toŋgena) | (ona/ogəna toŋgo) |
| 2PL: | toŋgəza | ida toŋgo |
| 3PL: | toŋgəʃt | ənəʃt toŋgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgənem | ənem toŋgo |
| 2SG: | toŋgənet | ənet toŋgo |
| 3SG: | toŋgəneʒe | əneʒ toŋgo |
| 1PL: | toŋgənena | ənena toŋgo |
| 2PL: | toŋgəneda | əneda toŋgo |
| 3PL: | toŋgəneʃt | əneʃt toŋgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgənem əʎe | ənem toŋgo əʎe |
| 2SG: | toŋgənena əʎe | ənet toŋgo əʎe |
| 3SG: | toŋgəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ toŋgo əʎe |
| 1PL: | toŋgənena əʎe | ənena toŋgo əʎe |
| 2PL: | toŋgəneda əʎe | əneda toŋgo əʎe |
| 3PL: | toŋgəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt toŋgo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgənet ulmaʃ | ənet toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toŋgəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toŋgəneda ulmaʃ | əneda toŋgo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toŋgəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toŋgo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toŋgaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toŋgəman |
| Active participle: | toŋgəʃo |
| Passive participle: | toŋgəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toŋgəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toŋgədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toŋgen |
| Negative gerund: | toŋgəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | toŋgəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toŋgəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toŋgəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toŋgəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toŋgədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||